On December 13, 1896, General Camilo de Polavieja arrived in Manila to assume his post as the new Spanish Governor-General at the height of the Philippine Revolution. His appointment marked a major turning point in Spanish colonial policy. Known for his rigid and punitive approach, Polavieja immediately strengthened military operations against Filipino revolutionaries and intensified crackdowns across the colony.
Under his administration, the colonial government adopted harsher measures—including the decision to execute Dr. José Rizal on December 30, 1896. Polavieja’s arrival symbolized the shift toward a more uncompromising and militarized response to the growing revolutionary movement.
This episode remains a significant moment in Philippine history, showing how leadership changes within the Spanish regime deeply affected the course of the Revolution and the struggle for independence.
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